Python MySQL Update

Last modified on: October 19, 2024

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<h3><strong>Updating Records in a MySQL Table Using Python</strong></h3>
<p>This guide will demonstrate how to update existing records in a MySQL table using Python.</p>
<hr />
<h3><strong>1. Prerequisites</strong></h3>
<p>Ensure you have:</p>
<ul>
<li>MySQL installed and running.</li>
<li>The <code>mysql-connector-python</code> library installed. If you haven't done this yet, run:</li>
</ul>
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<pre class="language-python"><code>pip install mysql-connector-python
</code></pre>
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<h3><strong>2. Import Required Libraries</strong></h3>
<p>Start by importing the necessary libraries in your Python script:</p>
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<pre class="language-python"><code>import mysql.connector
from mysql.connector import Error
</code></pre>
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<h3><strong>3. Establish a Connection to MySQL</strong></h3>
<p>Connect to your MySQL database as shown below:</p>
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<pre class="language-python"><code>def create_connection(host_name, user_name, user_password, db_name):
    connection = None
    try:
        connection = mysql.connector.connect(
            host=host_name,
            user=user_name,
            password=user_password,
            database=db_name
        )
        print("Connection to MySQL DB successful")
    except Error as e:
        print(f"The error '{e}' occurred")
    return connection
</code></pre>
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<h3><strong>4. Update Records in a Table</strong></h3>
<p>Create a function to update specific records based on conditions using the <code>UPDATE</code> statement. Here&rsquo;s an example function to update a user's age:</p>
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<pre class="language-python"><code>def update_user_age(connection, user_id, new_age):
    update_user_query = f"UPDATE users SET age = {new_age} WHERE id = {user_id};"
    cursor = connection.cursor()
    try:
        cursor.execute(update_user_query)
        connection.commit()  # Commit the transaction
        print(f"User with ID {user_id} updated successfully")
    except Error as e:
        print(f"The error '{e}' occurred")
</code></pre>
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<h3><strong>5. Putting It All Together</strong></h3>
<p>Here&rsquo;s a complete example that connects to the MySQL database and updates a specified user:</p>
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<pre class="language-python"><code># Import the necessary libraries
import mysql.connector
from mysql.connector import Error

# Function to create a connection
def create_connection(host_name, user_name, user_password, db_name):
    connection = None
    try:
        connection = mysql.connector.connect(
            host=host_name,
            user=user_name,
            password=user_password,
            database=db_name
        )
        print("Connection to MySQL DB successful")
    except Error as e:
        print(f"The error '{e}' occurred")
    return connection

# Function to update a user's age
def update_user_age(connection, user_id, new_age):
    update_user_query = f"UPDATE users SET age = {new_age} WHERE id = {user_id};"
    cursor = connection.cursor()
    try:
        cursor.execute(update_user_query)
        connection.commit()  # Commit the transaction
        print(f"User with ID {user_id} updated successfully")
    except Error as e:
        print(f"The error '{e}' occurred")

# Main logic
if __name__ == "__main__":
    # Establish a connection to the MySQL server
    connection = create_connection("localhost", "your_username", "your_password", "my_database")
    
    # Update the specified user's age
    update_user_age(connection, 1, 30)  # Replace with the user ID and new age

# Close the connection
    if connection.is_connected():
        connection.close()
        print("Connection closed")
</code></pre>
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<h3><strong>6. Running the Script</strong></h3>
<ol>
<li>Replace <code>your_username</code>, <code>your_password</code>, and <code>my_database</code> with your actual MySQL username, password, and database name.</li>
<li>Update the <code>update_user_age</code> function call with the desired user ID and new age.</li>
<li>Run the script. If successful, it will update the specified user's age in the <code>users</code> table.</li>
</ol>
<h3><strong>Conclusion</strong></h3>
<p>In this tutorial, you learned how to:</p>
<ul>
<li>Connect to a MySQL database using Python.</li>
<li>Use the <code>UPDATE</code> statement to modify existing records based on specific conditions.</li>
</ul>
<p>You can enhance this functionality by allowing updates to multiple fields or adding additional conditions to the <code>WHERE</code> clause!</p>
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