Python3 MySQL Create Table

Last modified on: October 19, 2024

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<h3><strong>Creating a Table in MySQL with Python</strong></h3>
<p>This guide will show you how to create a table in a MySQL database using Python.</p>
<hr />
<h3><strong>1. Prerequisites</strong></h3>
<p>Ensure you have:</p>
<ul>
<li>MySQL installed and running.</li>
<li>The <code>mysql-connector-python</code> library installed:</li>
</ul>
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<pre class="language-python"><code>pip install mysql-connector-python
</code></pre>
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<h3><strong>2. Import the MySQL Connector Library</strong></h3>
<p>Begin your script by importing the necessary libraries:</p>
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<pre class="language-python"><code>import mysql.connector
from mysql.connector import Error
</code></pre>
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<h3><strong>3. Establish a Connection to MySQL</strong></h3>
<p>You need to establish a connection to your MySQL server and specify the database where you want to create the table:</p>
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<pre class="language-python"><code>def create_connection(host_name, user_name, user_password, db_name):
    connection = None
    try:
        connection = mysql.connector.connect(
            host=host_name,
            user=user_name,
            password=user_password,
            database=db_name
        )
        print("Connection to MySQL DB successful")
    except Error as e:
        print(f"The error '{e}' occurred")
    return connection
</code></pre>
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<h3><strong>4. Create a Table</strong></h3>
<p>You can create a function to create a new table in the specified database:</p>
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<pre class="language-python"><code>def create_table(connection):
    create_table_query = """
    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS users (
        id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
        name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
        age INT,
        gender ENUM('Male', 'Female') NOT NULL
    );
    """
    cursor = connection.cursor()
    try:
        cursor.execute(create_table_query)
        print("Table 'users' created successfully")
    except Error as e:
        print(f"The error '{e}' occurred")
</code></pre>
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<h3><strong>5. Putting It All Together</strong></h3>
<p>Here&rsquo;s a complete example that connects to the MySQL server, selects a database, and creates a table:</p>
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<pre class="language-python"><code># Import the necessary libraries
import mysql.connector
from mysql.connector import Error

# Function to create a connection
def create_connection(host_name, user_name, user_password, db_name):
    connection = None
    try:
        connection = mysql.connector.connect(
            host=host_name,
            user=user_name,
            password=user_password,
            database=db_name
        )
        print("Connection to MySQL DB successful")
    except Error as e:
        print(f"The error '{e}' occurred")
    return connection

# Function to create a table
def create_table(connection):
    create_table_query = """
    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS users (
        id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
        name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
        age INT,
        gender ENUM('Male', 'Female') NOT NULL
    );
    """
    cursor = connection.cursor()
    try:
        cursor.execute(create_table_query)
        print("Table 'users' created successfully")
    except Error as e:
        print(f"The error '{e}' occurred")

# Main logic
if __name__ == "__main__":
    # Establish a connection to the MySQL server and select the database
    connection = create_connection("localhost", "your_username", "your_password", "my_database")
    
    # Create the table
    create_table(connection)

# Close the connection
    if connection.is_connected():
        connection.close()
        print("Connection closed")
</code></pre>
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<h3><strong>6. Running the Script</strong></h3>
<ol>
<li>Replace <code>your_username</code>, <code>your_password</code>, and <code>my_database</code> with your MySQL username, password, and the name of the database where you want to create the table.</li>
<li>Run the script. If successful, it will create a table named <code>users</code> in the specified database.</li>
</ol>
<h3><strong>Conclusion</strong></h3>
<p>In this tutorial, you learned how to:</p>
<ul>
<li>Connect to a MySQL server and database using Python.</li>
<li>Create a new table with specified columns and data types.</li>
</ul>
<p>This foundation allows you to perform further operations, such as inserting, querying, updating, and deleting data in the table.</p>
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