CSS Tutorial

CSS 3 Dropdowns

Last modified on: October 25, 2024

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<h3>CSS Dropdowns: Creating Interactive Menus</h3>
<p>CSS dropdown menus allow you to add interactive, nested navigation links to your website. Dropdowns are ideal for creating multi-level menus and organizing a large number of links.</p>
<hr />
<h3>Basic Dropdown Menu Example</h3>
<p>In this example, we&rsquo;ll create a simple dropdown menu using CSS.</p>
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<pre class="language-markup"><code>&lt;!DOCTYPE html&gt;
&lt;html lang="en"&gt;
&lt;head&gt;
    &lt;meta charset="UTF-8"&gt;
    &lt;meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"&gt;
    &lt;title&gt;Basic CSS Dropdown Menu&lt;/title&gt;
    &lt;style&gt;
        /* Navbar container */
        .navbar {
            background-color: #333;
            overflow: hidden;
        }

/* Navbar links */
        .navbar a {
            float: left;
            color: white;
            text-align: center;
            padding: 14px 20px;
            text-decoration: none;
        }

/* Dropdown container */
        .dropdown {
            float: left;
            overflow: hidden;
        }

/* Dropdown button */
        .dropdown .dropbtn {
            padding: 14px 20px;
            color: white;
            background-color: inherit;
            font-size: 16px;
            border: none;
            cursor: pointer;
        }

/* Dropdown content */
        .dropdown-content {
            display: none;
            position: absolute;
            background-color: #f9f9f9;
            min-width: 160px;
            box-shadow: 0px 8px 16px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
            z-index: 1;
        }

/* Links inside dropdown */
        .dropdown-content a {
            color: black;
            padding: 12px 16px;
            text-decoration: none;
            display: block;
            text-align: left;
        }

/* Change color on hover */
        .dropdown-content a:hover {
            background-color: #ddd;
        }

/* Show dropdown on hover */
        .dropdown:hover .dropdown-content {
            display: block;
        }
    &lt;/style&gt;
&lt;/head&gt;
&lt;body&gt;

&lt;div class="navbar"&gt;
        &lt;a href="#home"&gt;Home&lt;/a&gt;
        &lt;a href="#services"&gt;Services&lt;/a&gt;
        &lt;div class="dropdown"&gt;
            &lt;button class="dropbtn"&gt;More&lt;/button&gt;
            &lt;div class="dropdown-content"&gt;
                &lt;a href="#link1"&gt;Link 1&lt;/a&gt;
                &lt;a href="#link2"&gt;Link 2&lt;/a&gt;
                &lt;a href="#link3"&gt;Link 3&lt;/a&gt;
            &lt;/div&gt;
        &lt;/div&gt; 
        &lt;a href="#contact"&gt;Contact&lt;/a&gt;
    &lt;/div&gt;

&lt;/body&gt;
&lt;/html&gt;
</code></pre>
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<h4>Explanation:</h4>
<ul>
<li><strong><code>.dropdown</code></strong>: The dropdown container holds the button and content.</li>
<li><strong><code>.dropdown-content</code></strong>: Initially hidden, it appears when you hover over <code>.dropdown</code>.</li>
<li><strong><code>.dropdown:hover .dropdown-content</code></strong>: When hovering over <code>.dropdown</code>, it displays <code>.dropdown-content</code>.</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3>Advanced Example: Nested Dropdowns</h3>
<p>This example demonstrates how to create a dropdown within a dropdown for multi-level menus.</p>
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<pre class="language-markup"><code>&lt;!DOCTYPE html&gt;
&lt;html lang="en"&gt;
&lt;head&gt;
    &lt;meta charset="UTF-8"&gt;
    &lt;meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"&gt;
    &lt;title&gt;Nested Dropdown Menu&lt;/title&gt;
    &lt;style&gt;
        /* Basic styling */
        .navbar {
            background-color: #333;
            overflow: hidden;
        }

.navbar a {
            float: left;
            color: white;
            padding: 14px 20px;
            text-decoration: none;
        }

.dropdown, .nested-dropdown {
            position: relative;
            float: left;
        }

.dropdown-content, .nested-content {
            display: none;
            position: absolute;
            background-color: #f9f9f9;
            min-width: 160px;
            z-index: 1;
            box-shadow: 0px 8px 16px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
        }

.dropdown-content a, .nested-content a {
            color: black;
            padding: 12px 16px;
            text-decoration: none;
            display: block;
        }

.dropdown-content a:hover, .nested-content a:hover {
            background-color: #ddd;
        }

/* Show dropdown on hover */
        .dropdown:hover .dropdown-content {
            display: block;
        }

/* Nested dropdown */
        .nested-dropdown {
            position: relative;
        }

.nested-content {
            left: 100%;
            top: 0;
        }

/* Show nested dropdown on hover */
        .nested-dropdown:hover .nested-content {
            display: block;
        }
    &lt;/style&gt;
&lt;/head&gt;
&lt;body&gt;

&lt;div class="navbar"&gt;
        &lt;a href="#home"&gt;Home&lt;/a&gt;
        &lt;div class="dropdown"&gt;
            &lt;button class="dropbtn"&gt;Services&lt;/button&gt;
            &lt;div class="dropdown-content"&gt;
                &lt;a href="#webdesign"&gt;Web Design&lt;/a&gt;
                &lt;div class="nested-dropdown"&gt;
                    &lt;a href="#marketing"&gt;Marketing&lt;/a&gt;
                    &lt;div class="nested-content"&gt;
                        &lt;a href="#seo"&gt;SEO&lt;/a&gt;
                        &lt;a href="#content"&gt;Content Marketing&lt;/a&gt;
                    &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;a href="#consulting"&gt;Consulting&lt;/a&gt;
            &lt;/div&gt;
        &lt;/div&gt; 
        &lt;a href="#contact"&gt;Contact&lt;/a&gt;
    &lt;/div&gt;

&lt;/body&gt;
&lt;/html&gt;
</code></pre>
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<h4>Explanation:</h4>
<ul>
<li><strong><code>.nested-dropdown</code></strong>: Holds another dropdown within <code>dropdown-content</code>.</li>
<li><strong><code>.nested-content</code></strong>: Positions itself to the right of the main dropdown, forming a submenu.</li>
<li><strong><code>.nested-dropdown:hover .nested-content</code></strong>: Displays the submenu when hovering over the nested dropdown link.</li>
</ul>
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<h3>&nbsp;</h3>
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